AOD 9604 powder is a synthetic peptide drug developed based on the C-terminal fragment (176-191 amino acids) of human growth hormone (hGH), mainly used for regulating fat metabolism and weight management. Its core molecular formula is C78H123N23O23S2, with a molecular weight of 1815.1 Da and CAS 221231-10-3. It was prepared by chemical synthesis and has a purity of over 98%. Due to the fact that this medication can stimulate fat breakdown, regulate fat metabolism, and inhibit fat production, people can burn more fat and calories than themselves. Compared to regular diet and exercise, people tend to notice more weight loss in a shorter amount of time. When they use HGH supplements to lose weight, they may also notice fewer side effects than some people typically experience.
Our Product Form
AOD 9604 COA
AOD 9604 is an artificially synthesized peptide compound, which is essentially a peptide fragment of 15 amino acid residues derived from the C-terminal region (amino acids 176-191) of human growth hormone (hGH). This molecule has demonstrated unique value in the fields of obesity treatment, exercise nutrition, and anti-aging by accurately capturing the lipolytic functional domains of hGH, forming independent metabolic regulatory factors.
Molecular formula and molecular weight
The molecular formula is C78H123N23O23S2, with a precise molecular weight of 1815.1 Da. Its structure consists of two cysteine residues (Cys182 and Cys189), which form a cyclic structure through disulfide bonds (- S-S -). This conformational stability significantly enhances the molecule's resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis and prolongs its half-life in vivo.
Amino acid sequence and functional domains
The complete sequence is SALLRSIPAPAGASRLLLLLTGEIDLP. among which
Positions 176-185 (SALLRSIPAP):
Constitute the binding domain of β 3-adrenergic receptor (β 3-AR), which activates the lipolysis signaling pathway by mimicking the conformation of catecholamine hormones;
Positions 186-191 (AGASRL):
Contains the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) inhibitory sequence, which blocks preadipocyte differentiation;
Disulfide ring region (Cys182-Cys189):
Maintains the three-dimensional structure of the molecule, ensuring high affinity binding with the target protein.
Physical and chemical properties
Solubility:
Slightly soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and needs to be prepared into a specific concentration solution for use;
Stability:
The powder should be stored in a light shielded state, and the optimal storage condition is -20 ℃ freezing to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles leading to peptide chain breakage;
PH:
The predicted pKa value is 3.49 ± 0.10, indicating that it carries a negative charge in a physiological pH (7.4) environment, which is conducive to transport through the cell membrane.
AOD 9604 powder and AOD9401, as lipolytic domain analogs of human growth hormone (hGH), both regulate fat metabolism by mimicking the C-terminal fragment of hGH. However, there are significant differences between the two in terms of molecular structure, strength of action, mechanism of action, and clinical application potential. Comparative analysis will be conducted from four dimensions as follows:
Molecular Structure Optimization: "Precise Cutting" of AOD9604
AOD9401, as an early developed hGH analogue, retains the 176-191 amino acid fragment at the C-terminus of hGH, containing 30 amino acid residues. AOD9604 is further optimized based on this, forming a more stable cyclic disulfide bond structure (such as C7 → C14 site cyclization) through chemical modification or fragment extraction techniques, significantly improving molecular stability and bioavailability.
This structural optimization prolongs its half-life in vivo, making it easier to penetrate the adipose tissue barrier and directly act on target cells after oral or injection. For example, in the Zuk obesity rat model, AOD9604 was orally administered at a dose of 500 micrograms per kilogram of body weight for 19 days, resulting in a weight gain reduction of over 50% compared to the control group, while AOD9401 only decreased by about 30% at the same dose, indicating that the former is more efficient at the molecular level.
Strength of action: AOD9604's "double reinforcement"
Lipolytic activity: AOD9604 specifically activates β 3-adrenergic receptors in adipocytes, significantly increasing intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, thereby activating protein kinase A (PKA) and hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), accelerating the hydrolysis of triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Experimental data showed that the lipolytic activity of adipose tissue in obese rats treated with AOD9604 increased by 2.3 times compared to the control group, while AOD9401 only increased by 1.5 times.
Anti lipogenic effect: AOD9604 can inhibit the expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS), block the differentiation of preadipocytes into mature adipocytes, and reduce the conversion of non fatty food substances into body fat. In the rabbit knee osteoarthritis model induced by collagenase, the joint cartilage degeneration score was significantly lower in the group treated with AOD9604 combined with hyaluronic acid injection than in the group treated with AOD9401 alone, indirectly reflecting its role in reducing joint pressure by reducing fat accumulation.
AOD9604 surpasses AOD9401 comprehensively through molecular structure optimization, enhanced action strength, breakthrough in targeted mechanisms, and potential for multi scenario applications. As a new generation of anti obesity peptide hormones, it not only outperforms in weight loss efficiency, but also achieves a qualitative leap in safety and functionality, providing better solutions for the treatment of obesity, sports injuries, and joint diseases.
Synthesis process and quality control
1. Solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) technology
The mainstream production adopts the solid-phase synthesis method with Fmoc/tBu protection strategy:
Resin carrier selection:
Choose Wang resin or Rink amide resin to ensure C-terminal amidation modification;
Step by step coupling:
Add amino acids in sequence from the C-terminus to the N-terminus, using HBTU/DIPEA as the condensing agent;
Side chain protecting groups:
Cysteine is protected by Trt, arginine is protected by Pbf to prevent side reactions;
Cutting and purification:
After cutting with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), the purity can reach over 99% through reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) purification.
2. Quality standard system
Purity testing:
HPLC analysis shows that the proportion of main peak area is ≥ 98%, and the single impurity is ≤ 0.5%;
Molecular weight verification:
The deviation between the actual molecular weight detected by mass spectrometry (MS) and the theoretical value is ≤ 0.1%;
Residual solvent control:
TFA residue ≤ 0.1%, acetonitrile residue ≤ 50 ppm;
Microbial limit:
Must comply with the sterile testing requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.
The discovery of AOD 9604 powder stems from in-depth research on the functional fragments of human growth hormone (hGH), which combines molecular biology techniques, pharmacological experiments, and preclinical studies to develop a safe and effective anti obesity drug. The following is a detailed summary of its discovery process:
Human growth hormone (hGH) is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, which has various physiological functions such as promoting growth and regulating metabolism. However, the complete molecule of hGH has limitations in clinical applications, such as short half-life and potential side effects. Therefore, scientists have begun to explore the functional fragments of hGH in order to develop safer and more effective drugs. In this context, the C-terminal fragment of hGH (amino acids 176-191) has entered the research field due to its significant role in regulating fat metabolism.
Scientists have prepared the hGH 176-191 fragment through chemical synthesis or genetic engineering techniques and conducted in-depth research on its function. Experiments have shown that this fragment can specifically stimulate lipolysis (lipolysis) and inhibit adipogenesis (anti lipogenesis), with minimal impact on other tissues such as muscles and bones. This discovery provides important clues for the development of new anti obesity drugs. Further research has revealed the mechanism of action of the hGH 176-191 fragment, which activates β 3-adrenergic receptors on the adipocyte membrane to promote the hydrolysis of triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids, thereby enhancing lipolytic activity; At the same time, inhibiting the expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS), blocking preadipocyte differentiation and fatty acid synthesis, and reducing fat accumulation from the source.
Based on the research results of hGH 176-191 fragment, scientists prepared AOD 9604 through chemical synthesis method. This process involves steps such as gradual coupling of amino acids, removal of protective groups, and purification, ultimately resulting in high-purity AOD 9604 peptide. Compared with the hGH 176-191 fragment, certain optimizations may have been made in its chemical structure to enhance its stability, bioavailability, or efficacy. For example, by changing the amino acid sequence or introducing specific chemical groups, the anti enzymatic ability of AOD 9604 powder can be enhanced, thereby prolonging its half-life in vivo.
To verify the anti obesity effect, scientists conducted a series of animal experiments and preclinical studies. In animal experiments, it has been proven to significantly reduce fat accumulation, promote fat breakdown, and improve metabolic indicators related to obesity (such as blood glucose, blood lipids, etc.). In addition, it also demonstrated good safety and did not produce significant toxicity to important organs such as the liver and kidneys of experimental animals. In preclinical studies, the dose-response relationship and mechanism of action have been further elucidated. For example, through techniques such as gene expression analysis and proteomics, scientists have revealed its regulatory role in the adipocyte signaling pathway, providing scientific evidence for its clinical application.
1. Toxicological evaluation
Acute toxicity:
Oral LD ₅₀>5000 mg/kg in mice, classified as practically non-toxic;
Genetic toxicity:
Ames test and mouse bone marrow micronucleus test were both negative;
Long term toxicity:
Rats were continuously administered for 90 days without any abnormalities in liver and kidney function or changes in organ weight.
2. Clinical research progress
Obesity treatment:
Phase II clinical trials have shown that obese individuals (BMI ≥ 35) who take 1 mg of AOD 9604 orally daily lose an average of 2.8 kg after 12 weeks, which is significantly better than the placebo group (0.8 kg);
Sports injury repair:
In a rabbit knee osteoarthritis model, cartilage regeneration was promoted, and cartilage thickness increased by 41% after intra-articular injection;
Metabolic syndrome intervention:
By optimizing energy balance, improving insulin resistance, and reducing fasting blood glucose levels by 15%.
Hot Tags: aod 9604 powder, China aod 9604 powder manufacturers, suppliers, Tirzepatide Oral Drops, hgh fragment 176 191 peptide, Semaglutide Gummies, AOD 9604 Powder, AOD 9604 Injection, ghrp 6 tablets
